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- <text id=93TT0413>
- <title>
- Dec. 02, 1993: What's In A Name?
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Dec. 02, 1993 Special Issue:The New Face Of America
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- SPECIAL ISSUE:THE NEW FACE OF AMERICA
- What's In A Name?, Page 79
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>By Laurence I. Barrett
- </p>
- <p> The shortest route to Waspdom, when it was still the new arrival's
- destination of choice, was the swapping of an ethnic name for
- an "American" one. A case in point:
- </p>
- <p> A well-seasoned Irishman in the New York city hall pressroom
- eyed with obvious distaste the new boy being introduced around.
- "Barrett?" he sneered in lieu of a handshake. "You're no Barrett."
- He was offended that this kid of obviously Semitic stock had
- the temerity to filch a surname from the old sod. Stuck for
- a rebuttal, I swallowed the slight. Even now, 35 years later,
- a good answer eludes me. But to my father, who had decreed the
- new family name, it seemed like a good idea at the time.
- </p>
- <p> Harold Baratz, like many offspring of immigrants from Eastern
- or Southern Europe, wanted desperately to be seen as American.
- For years he complained that his name was a handicap, often
- misspelled or mispronounced, a dead giveaway. His brother Samuel
- had rechristened himself Bill Barzell. That was too exotic for
- Dad, who did little but grumble about our foreign-sounding name
- until I started to get bylines on my high school paper. That
- did it. Not long after my bar mitzvah, he went to court and
- got a writ requiring the world to call us Barrett. In journalism,
- he assured me, an American name would help.
- </p>
- <p> The subject of ethnic pride never arose. Dad was simply being
- practical. In the New York of his day, a tribal pecking order
- prevailed in many fields. Mario Cuomo, though a top student,
- couldn't find a berth in any major law firm. Except for the
- lowliest jobs, Wall Street, insurance and banking were also
- closed to those of Mediterranean or Slavic descent. A handful
- of legal and financial establishments were the preserves of
- high-caste German Jews, seldom hospitable to Polish and Russian
- Jews. The Postal Service was more egalitarian. The merit system
- allowed a Baratz to rise in rank, slowly. But my father felt
- that he lived in confinement--a condition from which he would
- abet his only son's escape by providing cover.
- </p>
- <p> Of course, the ruse counted for nothing; college tuition, which
- he also provided, was much more effective. Like most Jews who
- anglicized their names, my family continued to advertise its
- real identity in many ways. By the time my father drank toasts
- at his grandsons' bar-mitzvah parties, the imperative for disguise
- was gone. Pamela Nadell, professor of Jewish studies at American
- University, traces the shift to the mid-1960s, when Israel's
- military prowess evoked group pride and the black-is-beautiful
- movement struck a chord among Jews, though few Jews went as
- far as some blacks who adopted African names. A son of the author
- Irving Wallace made a statement by reverting to David Wallechinsky
- in his own writing. But that statement was Slavic, not Hebraic.
- </p>
- <p> Many names considered Jewish are in fact German, Polish or Russian
- in derivation. Dad didn't know in 1950 that he was trading in
- a contrivance that had been in the family for only 140 years
- or so. Later research by cousin Lewis Baratz (a roots maven)
- discovered that circa 1800 our antecedents in the Jewish pale
- went by Ben Reb Tzadik (Son of the Master Scholar). Apparently
- there was an earlier pedagogue in our crowd. For tax purposes
- or other bureaucratic reasons, the authorities in a few countries
- around 1810 ordered Jews to give up generic Hebrew titles. Like
- all Diaspora Jews over the centuries, the first Baratz did what
- seemed necessary to adapt, adding vowels to the B, R and Tz
- of Ben Reb Tzadik to produce Baratz. So Harold Baratz, in his
- own way, adapted. But he lived long enough to understand that
- his was the last generation in America to perceive a need for
- camouflage.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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